错误类型
1.逻辑表达错误 2.介词使用错误 3.代词使用错误 4.非谓语动词使用错误 5.主谓语前后不一致错误 6.名词的使用错误7.冠词的使用错误 8.词性使用错误 9.句子结构的错误 10.时态语态和语气的使用错误 11.易混淆词的使用错误。
八、词性的使用错误
词性错误是最容易犯的错误之一，通常而言，对单词记忆不够全面以及受到汉语的影响等都会造成此类错误的产生。词性的使用错误是指文章中单词的词性用错，主要表现在名词形容词副词以及动词的使用错误上，如把名词错当成动词使用，或者把形容词错当成名词或者该用副词的地方错用了形容词等情况，归纳起来主要涉及三种类型：
1. 名词与动词的错误使用 ，如： approval — approve ， sale — sell ；
2. 名词与形容词的误用 ，如： medicine — medical/medicinal ， emotion — emotional ；
3. 形容词与副词的误用 ，如： high — highly ， mere — merely 等。这类错误还常出现在 be 以外的系动词后，如： feel badly — feel bad ， grow uneasily — grow uneasy .
例 1
Ideally, of course, the expression of editorial
opinion should be limited on the editorial page
and the news articles should be objective
— telling the fact as complete as possible. 1.__________
该句中complete为形容词，而在该句中它前面所接词为动词tell，必须改为副词形式，故应该将complete改为completely.
例2
It is a social prejudice that the work of street
cleaners is thought to be dirty and shame by 1.__________
most people.
根据上下可知该句中的系动词be后面必须接形容词，且与前面的dirty并列关系，所以应该将名词shame改为shameful.
例3
It is true that their work may be dirty, but not
necessary shameful. What would our streets 1.__________
be like if nobody cleared away the rubbish?
该句中shameful为形容词，前面必须使用副词修饰，故应该将necessary改为necessarily.
例4
Used wise, science may increase our energy and 1.__________
food supply, improve our health, expand our joy
and extend our lives.
该句的完整结构是“if it is used wisely, science may… ”，“wisely”修饰过去分词“used”，表示“使用得当”的意思。所以应该将形容词wise改为副词形式的wisely.
练习题
1 Computers have been designed to store information
and compute complex problems. Some computers are
so high advanced that they even can talk with operators. 1.__________
2 The doctor said that I only had to wait for a relative 2.__________
short time before he could have an interview with me.
3 You must make sure that your speech is clear and
easily to follow. Use examples, charts, and pictures if 3.__________
they will help you explain your points clearly. You
should treat your audience with respect.
4 The myth of the country as a Garden of Eden,
a few generations late, sends them flooding out again 4.__________
to the suburbs.
5 In the wild, tea plants become trees of
approximately thirty feet in high. 5.__________
6 Microwave ovens are generally more costlier than 6.__________
common ovens.
7 We are not necessary capable of doing such an 7.__________
exacting job.
8 There may be sound medicine reasons for accepting 8.__________
electrical shock treatment, but such reasons are totally
dependent on the balance of risks and benefits for the
patients.
9 Living is risky. Crossing the road, driving a car, flying,
swallowing an aspirin tablet or eating a chicken sandwich
— they can all be fatal. Clearly some risks worth taking, 9.__________
especially when the rewards are high.
10 Punctuality is a good habit, and unpunctuality is a bad
one. A few minutes delay may not be a serious matter. 10.__________
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答案解析：
1. high→highly.
2. relative→relatively.
3. easily→easy.在该句中easy紧跟在系动词be之后，与clear并列，即“your speech is clear and easy to follow”。
4. late→later.
5. high→height.“in height”表示“在高度上”的意思，为固定搭配，没有in high的表达法。
6. costlier→costly.costly是形容词，意思是昂贵的，它的比较级是more costly，costlier是错误形式。
7. necessary→necessarily.
8. medicine→medical.
9. worth前加are.本句有一个由“when”引导的时间状语从句，主句“Clearly some risks worth taking”缺少谓语动词，因为worth是形容词，一般于“be worth doing”。
10. minutes→minutes'.本句中minutes是名词，不能直接修饰后面的名词delay，应该用名词所有格形式。
